Nei iyo yakaderera-kumanikidza metering mudziyo ine yakabatanidzwa degassing basa ichiwedzera zvakanakira yakaderera-density PU elastomers
Iyo workpiece yakagadzirwa neye conductive material inochekwa nekushandisa yakakurumidza kupisa plasma jet.Iyo nzira inoshanda yekucheka makobvu esimbi mahwendefa.
Kunyangwe iwe uri kugadzira mifananidzo kana kugadzira zvigadzirwa zvakapedzwa, kucheka kweplasma kunopa mikana isingaperi yekucheka aluminium uye simbi isina tsvina.Asi chii chiri kuseri kweiyi tekinoroji nyowani? kucheka michina uye plasma yekucheka.
Plasma cutting inzira yekucheka maconductive materials ane accelerated jets of thermal plasma.Zvinhu zvakajairika zvinogona kutemwa netorch yeplasma isimbi, simbi isina tsvina, aruminiyamu, ndarira, mhangura, uye mamwe masimbi anofambisa.Kucheka kweplasma kunoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzira. , kugadzirisa nekugadzirisa motokari, kuvaka kwemaindasitiri, kununura uye kukoromora.Nekuda kwekukurumidza kucheka, kunyatsoita uye kudhura kwakaderera, kucheka kweplasma kunoshandiswa zvakanyanya, kubva kune maindasitiri makuru eCNC application kusvika kumakambani madiki eamateur, uye zvigadzirwa zvinozoshandiswa pakugadzira. .Plasma yekucheka-Conductive gasi ine tembiricha inosvika 30,000 ° C inoita kuti plasma yekucheka kuve yakakosha.
Iyo yakakosha nzira yekucheka kweplasma uye welding ndeyekugadzira chiteshi chemagetsi cheyakanyanya ionized gasi (kureva plasma), kubva kumushini wekucheka weplasma pachayo kuburikidza neworkpiece kuti ichekwe, nekudaro kugadzira dunhu rakazara rinodzokera kumushini wekucheka plasma kuburikidza ne ground terminal.Izvi zvinowanikwa nekufuridza gasi rakadzvanywa (okisijeni, mhepo, inert gasi uye mamwe magasi, zvichienderana nechinhu chinotemwa) kuburikidza nemuromo wakatarisana nekumhanya kwakanyanya kune workpiece. Mugasi, arc inoumbwa pakati pe electrode padyo gasi nozzle uye workpiece pachayo.Iyi arc ionizes chikamu chegasi uye inogadzira conductive plasma channel.Apo ikozvino kubva kune plasma yekucheka torch inoyerera kuburikidza neplasma, inobudisa kupisa kwakakwana kunyungudusa workpiece.Panguva imwe chete, yakawanda. yehigh-speed plasma uye gasi rakamanikidzika rinoputira simbi inopisa yakanyungudutswa, ichiparadzanisa workpiece.
Kucheka kweplasma inzira inoshanda yekucheka zvinhu zvitete uye zvakakora. Matochi anobatwa nemaoko anogona kazhinji kucheka 38 mm gobvu mahwendefa esimbi, uye mazhenje ane simba anodzorwa nekombuta anogona kucheka mahwendefa esimbi ane 150 mm. Sezvo michina yekucheka plasma ichigadzira kupisa kwakanyanya uye kwakanyanya. localized "cones" yekucheka, anobatsira kwazvo kucheka uye welding curved kana angled sheets.
Manual plasma yekucheka michina inowanzo shandiswa kugadzira simbi dzakatetepa, kugadzirisa fekitori, kugadzirisa zvekurima, nzvimbo dzekugadzirisa welding, simbi sevhisi nzvimbo (zvimedu, welding nekubvisa), mapurojekiti ekuvaka (sezvivakwa nemabhiriji), kuvaka ngarava dzekutengesa, kugadzirwa kwetirailer, mota. kugadzirisa Uye mifananidzo (kugadzira uye welding).
Mechanized plasma cutting machines inowanzove yakakura kudarika manual plasma cutting cutting machines uye inoshandiswa pamwe chete nekucheka matafura.Iyo mechanized plasma yekucheka michina inogona kubatanidzwa mu stamping, laser kana robotic cutting systems.Ukuru hwemichina yekucheka plasma inotarisana ne tafura uye portal yakashandiswa.Masisitimu aya haasi nyore kushanda, saka zvikamu zvavo zvese uye hurongwa hwehurongwa hunofanirwa kutariswa usati waiswa.
Panguva imwecheteyo, mugadziri anopawo chikwata chakabatanidzwa chinokodzera kutema plasma uye welding.Mumunda wekushanda, mutemo wegunwe ndewekuti: zvakanyanya kuoma zvinodiwa zvekucheka kweplasma, iyo inowedzera mari.
Kucheka kweplasma kwakabuda kubva ku plasma welding mu 1960s uye yakagadziridzwa ikava nzira yakanyatsonaka yekucheka pepa resimbi uye mahwendefa mumakore ekuma 1980. Inofananidzwa necheka "simbi-ku-metal" yekucheka, kucheka kweplasma hakugadziri shavings yesimbi uye kunopa kucheka kwakanyatso. Michina yepakutanga yekucheka plasma yakanga yakakura, inononoka uye inodhura.Naizvozvo, inonyanya kushandiswa kudzokorora kwekucheka maitiro muhuwandu hwekugadzira maitiro.Sezvimwe zvimwe zvishandiso zvemichina, CNC (computer numberal control) teknolojia yakashandiswa mumashini ekucheka plasma kubva kuma1980. kusvika kuma 1990. Kutenda kuCNC teknolojia, iyo plasma yekucheka michina yakawana kushanduka kukuru mukucheka maumbirwo akasiyana-siyana maererano nemitsara yemirairo yakasiyana-siyana yakarongwa mumuchina weCNC system.Zvisinei, CNC plasma cutting cutting machines inowanzogumira kukucheka maitiro uye zvikamu kubva. marata esimbi akadzikama ane matemo maviri chete anofamba.
Mumakore gumi apfuura, vagadziri vemichina yakasiyana-siyana yekucheka plasma vakagadzira mienzaniso mitsva ine mabhobho maduku uye yakaonda plasma arcs.Izvi zvinobvumira plasma yekucheka kumucheto kuti ive nelaser-like precision.Vazhinji vagadziri vakabatanidza CNC yakarurama kutonga nepfuti idzi dzekutengesa kuti dzigadzire. zvikamu zvinoda zvishoma kana kusashandazve, kurerutsa mamwe maitiro senge welding.
Izwi rekuti "thermal separation" rinoshandiswa sezwi rakajairwa kune nzira yekucheka kana kugadzira zvinhu nekuita kwekupisa.Muchiitiko chekucheka kana kusacheka kuyerera kweokisijeni, hapana chikonzero chekuwedzera kushandiswa mune imwezve kugadzirisa.Iyo mitatu mikuru nzira ndeye oxy-fuel, plasma uye laser cutting.
Kana ma hydrocarbons akaiswa oxidized, anogadzira kupisa.Kufanana nedzimwe nzira dzekupisa, oxy-fuel cutting haidi midziyo inodhura, simba riri nyore kutakura, uye maitiro akawanda haadi magetsi kana mvura inotonhorera.Imwe burner uye imwe gasi cylinder zvinowanzokwana. Oxygen mafuta yekucheka ndiyo nzira huru yekucheka simbi inorema, isiri-alloy simbi uye yakaderera-alloy simbi, uye inoshandiswawo kugadzirira zvinhu zveanotevera welding.Mushure memoto we autogenous unounza zvinhu kune tembiricha yekupisa, iyo okisijeni jet inoshandurwa. Pari uye zvinhu zvinotsva.Kumhanya kunosvika kupisa kwemoto kunoenderana negasi.Kumhanya kwekucheka chaiko kunoenderana nekuchena kweokisijeni uye kumhanya kwejekiseni reokisijeni.Kuchena kweokisijeni yakakwira, dhizaini yenozzle yakagadziridzwa uye gasi rakakodzera remafuta inovimbisa. kugadzirwa kwepamusoro uye kuderedza mutengo wekuita.
Plasma cutting yakagadzirwa mu1950s yekucheka simbi isingagoni kudzingwa (yakadai sesimbi isina tsvina, aluminium, uye mhangura) .Mukucheka kweplasma, gasi riri mubhobho rinoiswa ionized uye rinotariswa nekugadzirwa kwakakosha kwehuputi. inopisa plasma stream inogona zvinhu zvakadai semapurasitiki kuchekwa (hapana kutamisa arc) .Pazvinhu zvesimbi, kucheka kweplasma kunotungidza arc pakati pe electrode uye workpiece kuwedzera simba rekufambisa.Kuvhura kwenozzle yakamanikana kunotarisa arc uye plasma ikozvino.An kuwedzera kuwirirana kwenzira yekubuda kunogona kuwanikwa negasi rinobatsira (kudzivirira gasi) .Kusarudza zvakakodzera plasma / shielding gasi kusanganiswa kunogona kuderedza zvakanyanya mutengo wekuita.
ESAB's Autorex system inhanho yekutanga kugadzira otomatiki plasma yekucheka.Inogona kubatanidzwa zviri nyore mumitsetse yekugadzira iripo.(Kwakabva: ESAB Kucheka System)
Laser cutting ndiyo ichangoburwa tekinoroji yekucheka tekinoroji, yakagadziridzwa mushure mekucheka kweplasma.Iyo laser beam inogadzirwa mune resonant cavity ye laser cutting system.Kunyange zvazvo kushandiswa kweresonator gasi kwakaderera zvikuru, kuchena kwayo uye kurongeka kwayo kunogadzirisa.Iyo inokosha resonator. mudziyo wekudzivirira gasi unopinda mugomba resonant kubva mucylinder uye unokonzeresa kucheka kwekuita.Nekucheka uye welding, iyo laser beam inotungamirwa kubva kune resonator kusvika kumusoro wekucheka kuburikidza nedanda nzira system.Inofanirwa kuve nechokwadi kuti sisitimu haina masolvents. , particles uye vapors.Kunyanya kune maitiro ekushanda kwepamusoro (> 4kW), nitrogen yemvura inokurudzirwa.Mukucheka kwelaser, okisijeni kana nitrogen inogona kushandiswa sekucheka gasi.Oxygen inoshandiswa simbi isina alloyed uye yakaderera-alloy simbi, kunyange zvazvo nzira yacho iri zvakafanana neoxy-fuel cutting.Pano, kuchena kweokisijeni kunoitawo basa rinokosha.Nitrogen inoshandiswa musimbi isina tsvina, aluminium, uye nickel alloys kuti iwane micheto yakachena uye kuchengetedza zvinhu zvinokosha zve substrate.
Mvura inoshandiswa sechinhu chinotonhodza mumaindasitiri akawanda anounza kupisa kwakanyanya kune maitiro.Izvo zvakafanana zvinoshanda kune jekiseni remvura mukucheka kweplasma.Mvura inoiswa mu plasma arc yemuchina wekucheka plasma kuburikidza nejet.Pakushandisa nitrogen se plasma. gasi, plasma arc inowanzogadzirwa, iyo ndiyo mamiriro emagetsi akawanda ekucheka plasma.Kana mvura ichinge yaiswa mu plasma arc, ichaita kuti urefu huwedzere. Kana zvakanakira nzira iri pamusoro ichifananidzwa neyakajairwa plasma, zvinogona kuoneka kuti kuchekwa kwemhando uye rectangularity yekucheka yakave yakagadziridzwa zvakanyanya, uye zvinhu zvewelding zvakagadzirirwa zvakanaka. Pamusoro pekuvandudzwa kwekucheka kunaka panguva yeplasma. kucheka, kuwedzera kwekumhanya kwekucheka, kuderera kwekaviri curvature, uye kuderera kwekukukurwa kwenozzle kunogonawo kucherechedzwa.
Vortex gasi inowanzo shandiswa muindasitiri yekucheka plasma kuti iwane zvirinani kuchengeterwa kweplasma koramu uye yakawedzera kugadzikana necking arc. Sezvo huwandu hweinopinza gasi vortices inowedzera, simba recentrifugal rinofambisa iyo yakanyanya kumanikidza kumucheto kwekamuri yekumanikidza uye inofamba. iyo shoma yekumanikidza inoswedera pedyo neshaft.Musiyano pakati pehukuru uye hushoma hutsika hunowedzera nenhamba yevortices.Musiyano mukuru wekumanikidza mumhepo inonzi radial inoderedza arc uye inokonzera high density yezvino uye ohmic kupisa pedyo neshaft.
Izvi zvinotungamirira kune yakanyanya kupisa tembiricha pedyo ne cathode.Inofanira kuonekwa kuti pane zvikonzero zviviri nei gasi rinomonyoroka richikurumidzira kuora kwekathode: kuwedzera kudzvinyirira mukamuri yakamanikidzwa uye kushandura nzira yekuyerera pedyo ne cathode.Inofanirawo zvakare. kurangarirwa kuti, maererano nekuchengetedzwa kweangular momentum, gasi rine nhamba yepamusoro yevortex ichawedzera chikamu chevortex velocity panzvimbo yekucheka.Inofungidzirwa kuti izvi zvichaita kuti kona yekuruboshwe uye kurudyi kumucheto kwekucheka kuve. zvakasiyana.
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